Relays continue to be useful and popular, but in low-power, battery operated applications they tend to be power wasters. The following relay economy circuits reduce coil power significantly by simply ...

Power systems today operate in an environment where reliability and safety must be maintained despite rising loads, expanding ...

ESP-01 is a tiny and useful piece of hardware. It has a 32-bit MCU, 2.4GHz 802.11 b/g/n WiFi, 1MB flash memory, and several other useful embedded features. Such ...

Relays usually are driven using optocouplers, which offer isolation between analog and digital grounds to ensure that switching currents in the relay coils do not affect the noise margin of the ...

An RC circuit in series with the coil allows full-current turn-on for reliable relay operation, then reduces the current to save power. Fellow engineer Sanjay R. Chendvankar of Mumbai, India, recently ...