Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is a population-based metaheuristic inspired by the collective foraging behaviour of birds and fish, widely applied to continuous and discrete global optimisation ...

Numerous real-world applications involve large-scale multi-objective optimization problems (LSMOPs) with hundreds or even thousands of decision variables. Although multi-objective evolutionary ...

Researchers have developed a new optimization algorithm modeled on how the platypus uses electroreception and spatial memory ...

Optimization problems rarely have a single right answer. In engineering design, scheduling, and machine learning, decision ...