The bladder is the hollow organ in the lower abdomen that stores urine. As the bladder fills, muscles in its walls relax so that it can expand. As the bladder empties during urination, the muscles ...

Thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, neurologic changes, menstrual changes, or cancer are more likely to play a role in etiology because of Barbara's age. The incidence of bladder cancer is increased in ...

Evaluation of the child with urinary incontinence typically begins in the office setting (Figure 2). A thorough medical history will delineate the pattern of incontinence and can identify underlying ...

Mr. J. is a 25-year-old male graduate student. Two years ago, he suffered a complete SCI at T4 as a result of a motor vehicle accident. Although confined to a wheelchair, he has recovered sufficiently ...

Although extensive cardiovascular studies involving the tilt table were done in most of the cases described by Lyle and his associates 5 their studies were within normal limits. The exact physiologic ...